R-phycoerythrin is stable and water-soluble fluorescent proteins derived from cyanobacteria and Eukaryotic algae. In these organisms they are used as accessory or antenna pigments for photosynthetic light collection. They absorb energy in portions of the visible spectrum that are poorly utilized by chlorophyll and through fluorescence energy transfer, convey the energy to chlorophyll at the photosynthetic reaction centre.
Phycobiliproteins are easily conjugated to streptavidin and antibodies using traditional methods. Highly cross-adsorbed antibodies are adsorbed against whole serum protein and have minimal cross-reactivity for multiple labeling experiments as indicated. Furthermore, because of its high extinction coefficient and high fluorescence quantum yield, R-PE is by far the brightest dye for the 565 nm wavelength region.
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